Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for FPSC, PPSC, SPSC, KPSC, BPSC, NTS, and PTS Job Test Preparation.
The word computer science meant a person who did computations or Compute, but now it almost always refers to automated electronic devices. Computers can do much more than calculator, however. They are now used in all sorts of ways to better control or automate products and processes.
Computer is an advanced electronic device that takes raw data as (input) from the user and processes these data under the control of set of instructions (called program) and gives the result (output) and saves output for the future use. It can process both numerical and non-numerical (arithmetic and logical) calculations.
A computer has four functions:
Input is the raw information entered into a computer from the input devices. It is the collection of letters, numbers, images etc.
Ex. Typical examples include keyboards, mouse, trackballs, pointing sticks, joysticks, digital tablets, touch pads, scanners etc.
There are tow basic types of software. System Software and Application Software.
Ex. Microsoft Office, In-page, Coral Draw and Photoshop etc.
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Computer is an advanced electronic device that takes raw data as (input) from the user and processes these data under the control of set of instructions (called program) and gives the result (output) and saves output for the future use. It can process both numerical and non-numerical (arithmetic and logical) calculations.
A computer has four functions:
- Accepts data → Input
- Processes data → Processing
- Produces output → Output
- Stores results → Storage
Input Devices
Computer is n electronic device. It is made of many parts. It works in three basic steps. INPUT, PROCESSING and OUTPUT. Input is a computer term. Which means to put data in computer. Different computer parts are used to put data into a computer. They are called input devices.Input is the raw information entered into a computer from the input devices. It is the collection of letters, numbers, images etc.
Ex. Typical examples include keyboards, mouse, trackballs, pointing sticks, joysticks, digital tablets, touch pads, scanners etc.
Output Devices
Output is the result by a computer after data processing. Computer output devices show us text, Pictures and give out Sounds. Output is also called as Result. We can save these results in the storage devices for the future use. Ex. Monitor, Printer, Speakers, Projector and Modem are the output devices.Data Storage Devices
Data storage is a unique feature of computer. Once we store data in our computer, we can re-open it, copy it or get its printout whenever we like. We can also transfer data to any other computer or memory device. Computer stores data in electronic signals. That is why, a copied data is 100% the same as the original one. We can make so many copies in a short time.Computer Hardware and Software
Our computer is the combination of Hardware and Software. Hardware is the parts of computer that we can touch. Software is the computer programs that we cannot see. We cannot touch software programs. Ex. A cassette is the hardware. The recording of cassette is Software.Relationship between Hardware and Software
- Hardware and software are mutually dependent on each other. Both of them must work together to make a computer produce a useful output.
- Software cannot be utilized without supporting hardware.
- Hardware without set of programs to operate upon cannot be utilized and is useless.
- To get a particular job done on the computer, relevant software should be loaded into the hardware
- Hardware is a one-time expense.
- Software development is very expensive and is a continuing expense.
- Different software applications can be loaded on a hardware to run different jobs.
- A software acts as an interface between the user and the hardware.
- If hardware is the 'heart' of a computer system, then software is its 'soul'. Both are complimentary to each other.
Computer Hardware
Def : The physical elements of a computer is called hardware which we can touch, hardware is generally divided into the central processing unit (CPU), and main memory (or random-access memory, RAM). The last class encompasses all sorts of input and output (I/O) devices: keyboard, display monitor, printer, disk drives, network connections, scanners, and more.Examples of Hardware are following:
- Input Devices.
- Output Devices.
- Data Storage Devices.
- Internal components.
- Computer Software
There are tow basic types of software. System Software and Application Software.
System Software
System software is a large program which gives instructions to all computer parts. System software also controls application software. When we work on application software, the application software communicates with the system software. Ex. Windows is the best and very popular system software. The system gives instructions to the computer parts to act on our instructions.Application Software
Application software is like a tool. We cannot work on a computer without installing application software. We need different types of software to perform different works.Ex. Microsoft Office, In-page, Coral Draw and Photoshop etc.
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Q.1 - Separate Read/Write heads are required in which of these memory access schemes. A.
Random Access B. Sequential Access C.
Direct Access D. None of these Show Answer |
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Q.2 - The ALU of a computer response to the commands coming from A.
Primary memory B. Control memory C.
External memory D. Cache memory Show Answer |
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Q.3 - What allows you to print on both sides of the printers? A.
Fuser B. Duplexer C.
Toner D. Paper swapping unit Show Answer |
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Q.4 - A register organized to allow to move left or right operations is called a ........ A.
Counter B. Loader C.
Adder D. Shift register Show Answer |
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Q.5 - Before a disk drive can access any sector record, a computer program has to provide the record‘s disk address what information does this address specify? A.
Track number B. Sector number C.
Surface number D. All of the above Show Answer |
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Q.6 - Laser Jet Printer speeds are measured in pages per minute(PPM), what do we use to measure dot-matrix printers? A.
Lines per inch B. Lines per sheet C.
Characters per inch D. Characters per second Show Answer |
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Q.7 - Which of the following have the fastest access time? A.
Semiconductor Memories B. Magnetic Disks C.
Magnetic Taps D. Compact Disks Show Answer |
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Q.8 - Which printer is very commonly used for desk to publishing? A.
Laser Printer B. Ink jet printer C.
Daisy wheel printer D. Dot matrix printer Show Answer |
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Q.9 - What is a common language that computers use to talk with one another on a network? A.
Client B. Adapter C.
Protocol D. Operating Systems Show Answer |
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Q.10 - A hard disk is divided into tracks, which are further subdivided into .......... A.
Clusters B. Sectors C.
Vectors D. Heads Show Answer |
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Q.11 - The bar-code which is used on all types of items, is ready by a scanning device directly into the computer. What is the name of this scanning? A.
Laser scanner B. Wand C.
OCR D. MICRO Show Answer |
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Q.12 - Which of the following are characteristics of peer to peer networking? A.
Limited number of computers involved B. Computer acting as both a client and a server C.
Centralized security and admin D. Both A and B Show Answer |
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Q.13 - Which of the following devices send and receive information from other devices? A.
Parallel port B. Serial port C.
Video port D. Both A and B Show Answer |
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Q.14 - What is the name of the reading device which makes use of photo sensors and laser technologies to interpret printed types of even handwritten data directly from the source document? A.
MICR B. OCR C.
MARK SENSING D. ATM Show Answer |
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Q.15 - Modem use .......... transmission. A.
synchronous B. asynchronous C.
timed interval D. PPP Show Answer |
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Q.16 - Which of the following is a type of preventive maintenance used on a hard drive? A.
Disk diagnostics B. Head alignment diagnostics C.
Initializing D. Un-initializing Show Answer |
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Q.17 - The storage location in the internal storage of a CPU are called .......... A.
Contents B. Address C.
Locations D. Mask Show Answer |
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Q.18 - What are alternative names for the internal storage of a computer? A.
real storage B. primary memory C.
main memory D. Both A and B Show Answer |
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Q.19 - During the normal PC boot process, which of the following is active first? A.
RAM BIOS B. ROM BIOS C.
CMOS D. Hard disk information Show Answer |
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Q.20 - Which of the following chips can be reprogrammed with special electric pulses? A.
EPROM B. PROM C.
ROM D. EEPROM Show Answer |
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